BBH Chapter 34 · Hithpael Strong Verbs
Each group of three shares the same root. For each form: (1) identify the stem, (2) describe the semantic function, (3) provide an English translation. Type your answers in the fields, then click ▶ Answer to check.
| Stem | Prefix | R2 Feature | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qal | none | none | Basic action / stative |
| Piel | none | Dagesh Forte | Factitive / intensive |
| Hithpael | הִתְ– | Dagesh Forte | Reflexive / reciprocal |
| # | Hebrew | Stem | Function | Translation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 — Root: קדשׁ (to be holy) | |||||
| 1 | קָדַשׁ | ||||
| Qal Perfect 3ms · Stative: subject is in the state of holiness · "he was holy / became holy" | |||||
| 2 | קִדֵּשׁ | ||||
| Piel Perfect 3ms · Factitive: subject causes the object to become holy · "he consecrated / made holy" | |||||
| 3 | הִתְקַדֵּשׁ | ||||
| Hithpael Perfect 3ms · Reflexive: subject consecrates itself · "he consecrated himself / made himself holy" | |||||
| Group 2 — Root: כבד (to be heavy / honored) | |||||
| 4 | כָּבֵד | ||||
| Qal Perfect 3ms · Stative: subject is in the state of being heavy or honored · "he was heavy / was honored" | |||||
| 5 | כִּבֵּד | ||||
| Piel Perfect 3ms · Factitive: subject treats another as weighty / causes another to be honored · "he honored" | |||||
| 6 | הִתְכַּבֵּד | ||||
| Hithpael Perfect 3ms · Reflexive: subject honors or glorifies itself · "he honored himself / gloried" | |||||
| Group 3 — Root: שׁמר (to keep / guard) — sibilant metathesis: הִתְ + שׁ → הִשְׁתְּ | |||||
| 7 | שָׁמַר | ||||
| Qal Perfect 3ms · Basic: subject keeps / guards an object · "he kept / guarded" | |||||
| 8 | שִׁמֵּר | ||||
| Piel Perfect 3ms · Intensive: subject keeps carefully / watches over diligently · "he kept carefully / watched over" | |||||
| 9 | הִשְׁתַּמֵּר | ||||
| Hithpael Perfect 3ms · Reflexive: subject guards itself · "he kept himself / was on guard" · Note: sibilant metathesis — הִתְ + שׁ → הִשְׁתְּ (ת and שׁ swap positions) | |||||
| Group 4 — Root: פלל (to judge / intervene) | |||||
| 10 | פָּלַל | ||||
| Qal Perfect 3ms · Basic: subject judges or intervenes · "he judged / intervened" | |||||
| 11 | פִּלֵּל | ||||
| Piel Perfect 3ms · Intensive: subject actively intercedes / judges · "he judged / interceded" | |||||
| 12 | הִתְפַּלֵּל | ||||
| Hithpael Perfect 3ms · Reflexive/Denominative: subject pleads its own case before God · "he prayed" · The Hithpael of פלל became the standard OT word for prayer | |||||
| Group 5 — Root: ברך (to kneel / bless) | |||||
| 13 | בָּרַךְ | ||||
| Qal Perfect 3ms · Basic: subject kneels · "he knelt" | |||||
| 14 | בֵּרַךְ | ||||
| Piel Perfect 3ms · Factitive: subject conveys blessing to another · "he blessed" | |||||
| 15 | הִתְבָּרֵךְ | ||||
| Hithpael Perfect 3ms · Reflexive: subject receives or enacts blessing for/upon itself · "he blessed himself / was blessed" · This form appears in the Abrahamic promise formula (Gen 22:18); it can carry a passive nuance | |||||